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Learning from graves

by Margaret Duggan

THE BONES of some 3000 former inhabitants of Barton upon Humber, once a great trading port in Lincoln diocese, have been returned to their Parish Church of St Peter. A Requiem using material from the 1549 Prayer Book will be sung over them this weekend.

St Peter’s dates from about 970, and remained the parish church of the town until it was declared redundant in the early 1970s, and all worship was removed to its larger chapel-of-ease, St Mary’s, built in 1170 only a couple of hundred yards away.

Once St Peter’s was closed, the archaeologists moved in for one of the most extensive investigations of a medieval church, including 3000 separate burials. Under Professor Warwick Rodwell, they have compiled a record of the illnesses and injuries suffered by the community over about 900 years up to c.1850.

The present Priest-in-Charge, the Revd David Rowett, gave me a few of the findings from the academic work that has now been published. For most of the centuries under study, the people were well-nourished, and life expectancy rose from about 30 to 45 years. Osteoarthritis was common among labourers.

In 1593, some 26 per cent of the population — 274 people — were wiped out by the plague, but there was little TB, polio, or rickets. Several men had blade-inflicted head injuries. Two medieval clergy were found to be buried with a mortuary chalice.

  One person in the 18th century, all of whose internal organs had been removed in an autopsy, had been stuffed, and a wooden pole inserted for a spine, while two 19th-century citizens were buried with their hernia trusses still in place.

  Now their bones are all in a specially built ossuary in the church. The 1549 eucharist is being used for the Requiem because it is “strongly continuous with the medieval eucharist”, and has elements from the Anglo-Saxon period.

  The music will be Merbecke, and the Lord’s Prayer will be said in each of the three languages to have been heard in the church over the centuries: Cranmerian English, Latin, and Anglo-Saxon.



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